Read the article (the link is below) and answer the questions:
1 What do the input, process, and output mean in terms of curriculum design?
2 According to the author, what are three possible models of curriculum design?
3 What are their main characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages?
4 What syllabus types can they match?
5 Which model/s is/are the most common in your culture? How can you explain it?
6 Which model might be the most effective nowadays? Why?

Read the case study (the link is below) and answer the questions:
1 In this account of course development, what stages of course design can you identify? Which model (forward, central, or backward) did the author use?
2 Who determined what the students' needs were? How were those needs defined?
3 The author describes two approaches to course design. In each approach, how were the students involved in determining needs?
4 What methods were used to design the course? What were the basic elements of the course: structures, functions, competencies, or something else?
5 Was the course successful? Why?